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Cultural history
The e-book is from the 1st ed: 1956;
Contents
| Where the Furnesings found life support 1. The bedrock 2. Vegetation and climate change 5. Cultivation 6. |
| Busettinga, in the Stone Age 9, the Bronze Age 10, and the Iron Age 11. the village castle 12. burial mound fields. The oldest farms 14. Vin farms 20. Heim farms 21. Ås and Rand farms 22. Set farms 24. Rud farms 25. Kvern farms. Svartedauen 26. new expansion 27. Ødegardene 28. new clearing in the 18th century 30. division of older farms 32. Industrial and commercial center 33. |
| Fishing, trapping and hunting. Fishing rights 34. The trawler 35. The stocking bags 36. The spleens. Yarn fishing 37. Krøklevarpa 38. Reef fishing. The fishing wells 39. Hook, line and line fishing 40. Luster, fly and cow fishing. Fishing lakes, streams and rivers 41. Fishing as a livelihood 42. The yarn binders. The turbines and the waterworks 43. Hatching of fry. Fishing rules 44. Fishing thieves and supervision 45. The catch 46. The hunt. Firearms 47. Wolf and bear hunters 48. Fox, hare and elk hunting 49. Peder Lier and Even Lundby 50. Bird hunting, trapping and creamers 51. Conservation periods 52. The pest moose 53. |
| February 54. Cattle census 55. Cattle 56. Cattle names. Ferasen 57. Even Lundby on cattle husbandry 58. Horse manure and other fodder 60. Spring-bearing cows. The mink chests 61. Lack of port. Restructuring of operations 62. New breeds of horses 63. Animal shows. Walking instructors. Awarding of prizes 65. Municipal support. "Childbirth 66. Goat husbandry 67. Pig farming 68. Sheep farming 70. Wool production 71. The ardoxes 72. Horse breeding 73. Horse trade and port 75. Stallion breeding 76. Planned horse breeding. Young horse shows 77. Horse breeding saddles. Animal cruelty 78. Poultry breeding 79. Archery dogs. Winter feeding 80. Moss and foliage 81. Hay crops 83. Pasture bulbs. Artificial watering 84, meadow 85, and fertilizer. Green cultivation 87. Seed cultivation and dry cleaning 88. Haymaking 89. The working day 92. The implement 93. The hay baler and the trade, the keg and the hook 95. The supplementary feed. Hamninga, at home 96 and at the farms 97. Disputes over grazing land 98. Rules for farm management 103. Pre-leasing of eastern valley farms. Seterreisa. The small plots 104. Lokkbakkene. Boundary disputes 105. The shepherds 106. Saltlurpa. Cheese stamps. Homesteaders on a visit. The dairy 107. Kneading and cheese making 109. Pasture and hay loops 111. Ribbon cheeses 112. The slurry. Profitability 113. Lining. Cultivated pastures 115. Barn and stable inventory 116. Training of dairymaids. The dairy factory in Hamar 117. Brumunddalens Dairy 118. Furnæs Dairy 121. Husebyes Dairy 122. Setermeireriene dairy. The dairy supplier associations 124. Slaughtering. Saltpetre boiling 125. Cattle diseases and council fences 126. Horse diseases and regulations 127. Veterinarians and Veterinarians-Maria 128. |
| Agriculture. Natural products 129. The rye fields 130. Chopping fields and tools 133. The "bread plows". Field names. Clearance trenches 134. The stone rafts and the clearing of the ridges 135. The field soil 136. Quality grain. The tree farm 137. Crop rotation 138. The one who got the grade: Very good. Fertilization 139. The artificial fertilizer 140. The Oslo paddy. The largest grain farms 141. Cultivation of the various kinds of grain 142 and of root crops 147. Seed 149 and yield 150. Dung and sand driving. The ski chains 151. The spring harvest. Arden 152. Plowing 154. Premium plowing 155. Harrows 156. Sowing 158. Sessions 160. Potato planting. Women's work 161. The mound. Autumn work. Rye scouring 162. Skyrua. The milking machines. Ripping of peas 165. Skryfting 168. The locomotive 169. Potato harvesting 170. Field digging 171. Ditching 172. Bog cultivation premiums 173. New communications and problems 174. Bad weather 175. "Selfish hawkers true angels" compared to farmers 176. Night frost 177. The shire council and the agricultural school 178. The threshing 179 with the machine of the provost Phil and the other machines 182, "The Hunger" 184. The cleaning machines. The mills 186. The millstones 191. The sieve 192. The patent dryer for Arnkvern. The rental paint 193. The paint money 194. List of stream grinders and mills 195. The mills 196. |
| Horticulture. Cultivation of fruit trees 199 and berry bushes 201. Hops and kitchen gardens 202. Park-like gardens 203. Alleys, trees and shrubs 203. Beekeeping 204. |
| Forestry. Operations in the "enclosed" kongsalmenningen 205 and illegal logging 206. Bygdealmenningen 207. The rescript from 1734. The purchase of the rural pasture 208. Misuse of wood materials 209. Illegal fencing of common land. Commoners" trustees 211. Timber sales and Vangs Sparebank. Rough fences against abuse 212. But the villagers "fight back" 213, mostly in Nybygda. Timber and firewood harvesting 214. The home forests. Timber floating 215 and driving 216. Cultivation 218. Firewood, tyri, tar 219 and charcoal 221. Bork and wood tension 222. Barrel staves. Firewood prices. Potash boiling 223. Peat cutting 224 and P. Chr. Asbjørnsen 225. Operations on the peat bogs 226. The water-powered saws 228. The saw blades 231. The sawmasters. The circular saw 235. Planing mill. Electric wood cutting 236. List of saws. Chip axe and bull 237. Stutt and long chips 238. Roof timbers. Several planing machines 239. |
| Exploitation of bog ore, stone and clay. Myrmalmbarrene 240. Letters on iron ingots in 1810. Mjøskalken: building stone and lime burning 241. Quartz sandstone and sandstone quarries 243. Ansten Doglo cut millstones 245. Stone fences. Brickworks 246. The pottery 249. |
| Bread, beer, bone wine and potato flour. Flatbread baking 251. The baking bitches 252. The wraps and cakes 254. The professional bakers 255. The brewing of beer. The malt beer 258. The drill 260. Nederkværn Brewery 261. The sale of beer 262. The distillation of spirits, despite prohibition 264. The arguments 266. The use of domestic boilers after 1816, 268. Vikerødegårdens Brænderi 270. New law in 1846 271. Nederkværn distillery 272. Commission trade 273. Brumunddalens Brænderi 274. Drinks and distillery barns 278. Time of crisis for agriculture 279 and for the distilleries 280. Service at the distilleries 283. The potato flour. Production on the farms 284. Hedemarken's and Brumunddalen's potato flour factories 286. |
| Feeding advice, food and household care. Mill feeder council 289. "Delivering" feeding advice 291. The diet 304. The daily diet 305. Barley bread and mashgraut 308. Fire stones and places 309. Kitchen utensils 310. Tea and coffee 314. The cooks 315. The tableware 316. The silverware 319. Pewter, cups and brassware 321. Earthenware and stoneware 322. Glassware 323. household utensils: "Preparing the slaughter" 324. Chandelier molding 325 and grooming 326. The bull girl and the aunt 327. The lamps. Soap boiling 328. Washing, ironing and mangling 329. Fleas and lice 331. |
| The utilization of hats and skins. Skinners and glove makers 332. The bundle makers 333. Furriers 334. Tanning 336 and tanneries 339. The hide makers 343. The shoemaking trade 345 and the shoemakers 349. The saddlemakers 355. |
| Utilization of wool, linen and the like. Women's handicrafts 359. Handicraft schools 363. Awards 364. Organized weaving. Professional weavers 365. Working with wool 366. The linen and the harp 367. The hand and bulkhead skirt 371. The wheel skirt and spinning 372. The tapestry 374. The looms 376. The lead rampart. Ornamental stitching and name cloths 378. The "working women" 379. Spinning as a livelihood 380. The weavers 381. The weaving mill at Gåskvern 382. Vadmelsstampinga 385. Dyeing 386. Cutting and pressing. Tailoring 390. The tailors 393. The seamstresses 399. Hatters 400. |
| The clothes and the changing fashions. Men's clothing 401. Footwear 408. Beard and hair fashions 411. Women's clothing 413. The jewelry 425. Bed linen 426. Bench quilts. Cushions. Table clothes 428. Towels 429. |
| Male craftsmanship. 430. Handicraft schools 431. Card makers and brush makers 432. Oil and bristle ropes 433. Basket and chisel makers 435. Glue and smoke makers 436. |
| House builders and houses. Carpentry work 437. House drawings 439. Apprenticeship in carpentry 440. The carpenters 441. The earth cows 446. The house timber 447. Half-timbered and stone houses 448. Maintenance work 449. The roofing 450. The fireplaces 465. The Swiss style 469. Wooden floor 470. The glaziers 472. The different houses. The houses with arneeld. The big houses 473. The saunas 475. The farm buildings 478. Stable and stolen goods store 479. The food bells 481. The high arches 482. The barns 483. The stables 484. The barn 485. More modern outbuildings 487. The wardrobes 489. Firewood bowls and other sheds. Wells and water pipes 490. Water postmasters. Private houses. Fire hazards 491. Masonry work 493. Bricklayers 494. Fences: garden fences, ski fences 495, stone fences and picket fences 497. |
| The furnishing of the houses, the carpenters, wood carvers and the other "woodworkers" 498. Panels and wall fixtures 499. The doors. Chairs 500. Chests. Chests of drawers 504. Create 506. The table 507. Herman Anker's cultural zeal 512. The carpentry tool 513. The carpenters 515. The toolmakers 526. The wheelwrights 527. Lagginga 528. The benders. The blacksmiths 532. Boat builders 534. Ski makers 535. Wood carving 537. Sculpture: papist abomination 538. Jens Arnkvern 539. Jens Strammerud 542, Erik Pinnerud (Kolstrup) 545. Lars Pinnerud and others. 548. |
| Decorative and other paints. "Covered", plastered and wallpapered walls 556. The decorative painters 557. Ole Nielsen 558. Kristian Bleken and others. 561. Wall painting 562. Painters in the 19th century 565. |
| Metalsmiths: rough blacksmiths and specialists. The village blacksmiths 567. The coppersmiths 574. The muddlers 575. The stockbrokers 577. Silversmiths 578. Lampmakers and watchmakers 579. The tinsmiths 582. The machine makers 583. Brumunddalens Smidiebrug 584. |
| Roads and transport. Allfarvegen and beach roads 585. The Rekster guts. Regulations 586. The road to Oslo 587. The rerouting of the royal road: a "slavish work" 590. Instructions for the rotemasters 591. Rural roads in 1791 592 and in the 1850s 595. The newer roads 598. Maintenance 601. The bridges 603. The winter roads. Snowplowing 605. "Unbearable" obligation to drive 607. Brutal travelers 609. The bus stations 610. The inns 611. "Hotel" prices 613. Taverns and inns 614. The inn at Stavsberg 615. Public houses 616. Lodging houses 617. Skis as a means of transportation 618. Riding equipment 619. Tow and cleat 621. Sledges 622 and accessories 627. Wheeled equipment 629. The harness 631. Traffic on Lake Mjøsa 632, Railroad 634, Motorcar 639. Budstikka and the post office 641. The telephone 645. |
| Trade journeys and goods turnover. Hamarkaupangen 646. Other marketplaces 647. Røros trade 648. Trade relations with Trondheim 649. Traffic along Åstavegen 650. Trade with Sweden. The liquor trade 653. The new Hamar 655. Local opposition to the urban development. Market trading in Hamar 656 and in Oslo 657. New Hamar market 658. "Everyone wants to go shopping" 659. Landprang and "leeches" 660. Local plea for new trade law, enacted in 1842 661. The effects of the law 662. The crepe merchants 663. "Protectors", "Nurembergers" and Jews 664. "Totninger and Vardalinger" 665. Permanent peddlers 666. A peddler in the parish 667: the "downfall" of the peasants 668. Petty trade and commission trade 669. Free trade after 1842 670. Limited trading rights when Hamar became a town 671. Expanded trading rights from 1868. Rural merchants after 1860 672. Measuring and weighing instruments 674. |
| The people who did the work, in the oldest times 675, around 1700 676 and in the 1800s 677. Dovning 678 was rewarded with refreshments. Landless youths went to Kongberg 679. Obligation to take permanent service 680. Lazy and stubborn youth 681. Bonded servants and place money 682. Escape from service 683. Dorff about the peasants. Servant's wages 684 and bank deposits 685. Leisure time. The casual workers 686. Swedish agricultural workers. Nattelosjiet 687. Reprimands and the spirit of chastisement 688. Mercenaries and domestic servants 689. Slave labor. Obligation of contracts 690. The places inside the homes and those outside 691. Right of use in return for work or a sum of money 692. New ordinance against subjugation 693. Annual work and tax 694. Days off. Special agreements with craftsmen 695. Farmers" rights, to harbor 696, to foliage and firewood 697, to wood and plow horses. Many and long working days 698. Diet and houses 699. The inventory. Obedience and the opposite 700. Right to dismiss 701. Several were dismissed 702. Housing and land for old people 703. Landlord and Tenant Act of 1851 704. The chairmanship about the croft 705. Even Lundby on the same subject 706 and on Even Knipknap 707. Craftsmen, with and without licenses 708. The Crafts Act from 1838. The county governor on the craftsmen 709. Increasing "culture, elegance and taste" (?) 710. Until the age of electricity and motors 711. |
