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Contents
| INTRODUCTION | 15 |
| Natural assets | 17 |
| Religious and spiritual division | 22 |
| Are these divisions natural? | 26 |
| THE GEOLOGY OF GAULAR | 35 |
| Bedrock | 35 |
| by Finn J. Skjerlie | |
| Bonding | 35 |
| The landscape - a result of geological processes | 38 |
| How the bedrock is built up | 39 |
| - Bedrock | 40 |
| - Askvoll group | 44 |
| - Devonian deposits | 46 |
| What bedrock has to say for agriculture and livestock | 49 |
| Sources | 51 |
| Gaular during and after the last ice age | 52 |
| by Eivind Sønstegaard | |
| Furrowed weatherbeaten over the water | 52 |
| The nights get long and the cold sets in | 53 |
| Valley, fjord and other tracks | 54 |
| Ice across the board | 56 |
| The ice is melting | 57 |
| And parts of the sea became dry land | 60 |
| About the glacier lake at Birkeland, and Gaula, which runs to the Sognefjord | 62 |
| The lice masses turn into | 63 |
| Sand and gravel, an important resource | 66 |
| Crumbling rock - weathering soil | 67 |
| Every mountain and every hill shall be joined together | 69 |
| Ice time - of no use? | 71 |
| Sources | 71 |
| PREHISTORIC TIMES IN GAULAR | 75 |
| by Sigrid H. Kaland | |
| Stone Age | 76 |
| - Older Stone Age | 76 |
| - Neolithic period | 80 |
| Bronze Age | 84 |
| Older Iron Age | 87 |
| - The first Iron Age | 87 |
| - Roman times | 89 |
| - Burial customs | 91 |
| - Contact - trade | 92 |
| - Communities and social groups | 93 |
| - Migration period | 93 |
| Younger Iron Age | 97 |
| - Garden and business | 99 |
| - Trade and contact | 105 |
| - Graves and status | 108 |
| - Expansion | 116 |
| - Cult | 116 |
| - Christianization | 118 |
| - Busyness | 118 |
| List of relics and finds from Gaular | 129 |
| Literature | 134 |
| HIGH MIDDLE AGES 1050-1350 | 137 |
| A time shift | 137 |
| The boilers | 137 |
| Kings and churches take over from the chieftain | 139 |
| - The defense - the passion | 139 |
| - Administration | 142 |
| - The thing | 143 |
| Kristningsverket is part of a power politics | 144 |
| - Church building | 146 |
| - Priests' economic and social position | 146 |
| - How did most people notice the new doctrine? | 149 |
| Busetjing - changes in relation to the Viking Age | 153 |
| - Gardane in Viksdalen | 153 |
| - Curtains on sand | 159 |
| - Guards in Bygstad | 165 |
| - Bygda collect | 173 |
| - Usage sharing | 173 |
| Population | 175 |
| Nutritional benefits | 176 |
| - February | 177 |
| - Arable farm | 177 |
| Eight of the earth | 181 |
| - The leasehold system - land charge and shared ownership | 181 |
| - Calculation of country code | 184 |
| - The different chipmunks | 186 |
| - Local church property | 186 |
| - Monastery goods | 187 |
| - King's earth/ladder material | 190 |
| - Great manor | 191 |
| - Peasant goods | 193 |
| - Bygda collect | 193 |
| The state and the church make demands | 194 |
| In summary | 197 |
| THE LATE MIDDLE AGES 1350-1500 - FROM GROWTH TO DECAY | 199 |
| Depopulation and the Age of Destiny | 199 |
| How to get the message | 199 |
| - Curtains that were in operation | 204 |
| - Gardar who was an islander | 205 |
| - Merging into larger operating units | 208 |
| - Bygda collect | 211 |
| The land charge case | 214 |
| Decline in agricultural production | 215 |
| Changes in ownership conditions | 217 |
| Changes in the administration | 220 |
| Summary - crisis for kven? | 221 |
| THE PERIOD 1500-1660 - NEW GROWTH | 223 |
| In general | 233 |
| The boilers | 223 |
| Attryddinga 1500-1660 | 225 |
| - The farms that were in operation around 1520 | 226 |
| - Clearing in the 1520-1560s | 227 |
| - Clearance in the 1570s and 80s | 228 |
| - Cleaning up after 1600 | 230 |
| - Bygda collect | 231 |
| Usage sharing | 234 |
| - Had the division of use gone too far? | 243 |
| Population development | 247 |
| - Migration in the 1570s and 80s | 251 |
| - What regulated the population? | 252 |
| Nutritional benefits | 255 |
| - February | 255 |
| - Differentiation in the 1660s | 258 |
| - Livestock species/feeding | 259 |
| - Arable farm | 262 |
| - Forestry | 268 |
| - Fishing and hunting | 273 |
| - Other nutrients | 277 |
| - Surplus - means of payment | 278 |
| Property conditions | 279 |
| - Liner eighteen to high and late middle age | 279 |
| - The Reformation - changes in property ownership | 279 |
| - Calculation of the debt - the land debtors | 279 |
| - Jordeigarans | 280 |
| - Local church property | 281 |
| - Central church property | 283 |
| - Private goods | 285 |
| - Bygda collect | 287 |
| Landowners and landlords - social structure | 288 |
| The different groups in the rural community | 291 |
| - Godseigarane | 291 |
| - Self-registration | 291 |
| - Tenants | 292 |
| - Homemakers/beach sitters | 298 |
| - Employees | 301 |
| - Poor people | 303 |
| - Who got positions in the rural community | 305 |
| - Who were the leaders of the campaigns | 306 |
| Increased demands from the state | 307 |
| - Taxation - the different taxes | 307 |
| - People say tax capacity | 311 |
| - Protests in connection with the tax | 315 |
| - Soldier discharge | 327 |
| - The church's requirements | 336 |
| - Tax fleecing? | 337 |
| Those who put the requirements into practice - the rest of the world | 339 |
| - turkeys | 341 |
| - Sorenskrivaren | 351 |
| - Parish priest | 352 |
| - The sheriff | 357 |
| Did people have the right to influence the government? | 361 |
| Forensic physician accessory | 363 |
| - Election matters | 365 |
| - Cases of impropriety | 366 |
| - Penalties | 367 |
| - Offences in general | 371 |
| - The village meeting | 373 |
| A closed society? - contact beyond | 378 |
| Social conditions - the farmer and his family | 380 |
| - Houses in the garden | 381 |
| - Apartment buildings | 384 |
| - rod cage | 387 |
| - Firehouse | 387 |
| - Stables and barns | 389 |
| - Onion | 391 |
| - Forge | 392 |
| - Grinder | 392 |
| - Equipment in connection with cooking | 394 |
| - The slitter behind the pots - the women | 395 |
| - Cloth | 396 |
| - Valuables - gold/silver | 397 |
| - Books | 400 |
| - Were people in debt? | 400 |
| In summary | 404 |
| Dimensions, weight and coins | 407 |
| Abbreviations | 407 |
| Literature, sources etc. | 408 |
| Register | 414 |
