Steigen village book

Steigen village book
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Oria The National Library of Norway
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Subtitle
Nordfold : the fjord and the people
Volume
3
Author(s)
Svein Fygle
Year
1991
Publisher
Steigen municipality
Pages
623
Source
BIBSYS

Contents

Chapter overview

   Side

 Part I. Nature and landscape, flora and fauna 

     7
 1. A fjord and mountain municipality     7
 2.Animal and bird life    11
 3.The forest    12
 4.The fish-rich Møsvikfjord    12
   

 Part II. Features from Norfold's geology 

   15
 1.Istida   15
 2.The ice is retreating   15
 3.The importance of soil for settlement and agriculture      16
 4.Land elevation and shorelines   18
 5.The Stone Age landscape   18
   

 Part III. The Stone Age

   19
 1.Find types and time periods    19
 2.Early Stone Age - the first humans    19
 3.Neolithic - the slate finds    21
 4.Was Norfolda deserted in the Stone Age?    21
 5.Find types in Nordfold    23
 6.Economy and living conditions in the Stone Age    24
   

 Part IV The Iron Age

   26
 1.Period division    26
 2.The new iron technology    26
 3.Farm settlement and agricultural operations    27
 4.Finds and ancient monuments from the Iron Age in Nordfold    28
 5.What methods do archaeologists use to reconstruct Iron Age settlements?    30
 6.The Iron Age settlement in Nordfold    32
 7.Iron Age finds/settlement in neighboring municipalities to Nordfold    34
 8.A coastal settlement in the Iron Age. Disagreement among archaeologists    35
 9.A showdown with the immigration hypothesis    36
 10.What did people do for a living in the Iron Age?    36
 11.What do we know about North Norwegian Coastal Sami settlement in the Iron Age?    39
   

 Part V. The Middle Ages 

   42
 1.Main lines    42
 2.The end of the heyday of the little kings   42
 3.Kingdom assembly and power base    43
 4.Local administration    44
 5.Military power    46
 6.From Vågabok to Steigarting    47
 7.The change of religion    48
 8.The ecclesiastical administration    49
 9.Rørstad church - a medieval church?    50
 10.Which farms were settled in the High Middle Ages?    51
 11.Mørviksfjorden - Sami land, no-man's-land or wilderness area for bum men in the main fjord?    54
 12.Medieval finds in Nordfold and neighboring counties    59
 13.Economy and living conditions in the Middle Ages    60
 14.Social and economic crisis in the late Middle Ages    63
 15.Depopulation of the inner fjord areas. Population concentration in the outer regions    66
   

 Part VI. The period ca. 1500-1620

   68
 1.Sources and period classification    68
 2.Power relations, central and local secular administration    68
 3.Church and church life    71
 4.The economic system: Hunting and trade    74
 5.Out of the stagnation: Population growth and reclamation of derelict farms in Norfold    77
 6.A Sami population in Nordfold in the 16th century?    79
 7.Population growth 1520-1620    80
   

 Part VII. The period 1600/1620-1800 

   82
 1.The source situation    82
 2.Central and local secular administration    82
 3.Clergy and church history in the 17th and 18th centuries    89
 4.Jekteskippers or buttons 100
 5.Citizens' Northland trade  108
 6.The innkeepers  109
 7.Stagnation in population development 1610-1660  113
 8.Sami advance against bumanns farms around the middle of the 17th century  115
 9.Sami population growth and settlement 1609-1667  115
 10.Population development in Folden parish 1665/66-1701  119
 11.Population development in the period 1701-1769  122
 12.Population development in the period 1769-1801   127
 13.The fisheries  128
 14.Grain cultivation  145
 15.February  154
 16.Forestry and sawmills  158
 17.Boat building  160
 18.The farm landscape  161
 19.Building practices and housing  162
 20.Diet and clothing habits  167
 21.Who owned the land in Nordfold sogn?  170
 22.Sami rights to the land  174
 23.The new people  177
 24.Economy and living conditions among the Sami in Nordfold 186
 25.The school system in Folden parish before 1800  204
   

 Part VIII. The eighteenth century 

 212
 1.Sources and lines  212
 2.Stormy weather and rainy days  212
 3.Population development throughout the 19th century   216
 4.The reasons for the population increase after 1815  217
 5.Healthcare and living conditions  224
 6.Fishermen, homesteaders and other groups of people  230
 7.Agriculture  245
 8.The fisheries  252
 9.Good times and bad times  269
 10.The Sami in Nordfolda  275
 11.Farmers become freeholders  280
 12.Poor relief in Folda before 1837  282
 13.School system in Folda before 1838  282
 14.Municipal administration before 1837  284
 15.Municipal self-government  285
 16.The church and the priests  295
 17.Poverty services  303
 18.The school system  308
 19.Folden sheriff district  316
 20.The new Folden herred - a colossus on clay ground  319
 21.Transportation  323
 22.Trade and turnover  329
 23.Community life  338
   

 Part IX. The period 1900-1920 

 341
 1.Lines of development  341
 2.Befolkningsutviklingen 1890-1920   342
 3.On your own two feet  344
 4.The school system  347
 5.Poor relief  353
 6.Health care  357
 7.Church life and the battle for a new parish  364
 8.The communications  367
 9.Economic overview of the period 1900-1920  372
 10.Coastal fishing dominated  374
 11.Motorization and attachment improvements  383
 12.Sales of fish products  397
 13.Trade  399
 14.Secondary and tertiary occupations  401
 15.Progress for agriculture  403
 16.From economic boom to food shortage  412
 17.Culture and organizational life 414
   

 Part X. The interwar period 

 426
 1.Lines of development  426
 2.Population development   426
 3.Occupations and industry structure  428
 4.Agriculture in the interwar years  429
 5.Fisheries in Nordfold in the interwar years 436
 6.The merchants struggled heavily  446
 7.Other industries  447
 8.People's economic conditions  449
 9.Unemployment and emergency work  451
 10.Government crisis measures in the fishing industry  459
 11.Government measures in the agricultural industry  463
 12.Poverty services/ social care  469
 13.The municipal administration  473
 14.The municipality's financial position in the interwar years 477
 15.School in the interwar years  484
 16.Living conditions and daily life  489
 17.Communications  497
 18.Cultural life and organizational patterns  504
   

 Part XI. Northfold under the occupation regime 1940-45 

 516
 1.Lines of development  516
 2.The fortifications in Laukvika  517
 3.Cross-border traffic over Hopen/Hopvatnet  521
 4.The prison camp at Møsvikvatnet  524
 5.Rationing and everyday life  526
 6.Living conditions during the war  529
 7.The municipal reorganization 1940-45  531
 8.Support for Nasjonal Samling (NS)  533
 9.The municipal economy  535
 10.School in the occupation years  536
 11.Agriculture  538
 12.The fisheries  539
   

 Part XII. Post-war period 

 544
 1.The new working day  544
 2.The war damage settlement  544
 3.The treatment of the evacuees  546
 4.Dispute over German legacies  547
 5.The municipal administration returns to normal conditions  548
 6.Continued rationing  549
 7.Population decline, migration and greying  549
 8.Fishing/agriculture combination on the decline  552
 9.Agriculture in the post-war period  554
 10.Fishing and the fishing population  558
 11.Industry and construction  565
 12.The forestry industry  567
 13.Transportation as an industry  570
 14.Business activities  570
 15.Communication development  571
 16.The municipal institution  580
 17.From inter-municipal cooperation to municipal mergers  597
 18.From association life to activity society  600
 19.Afterword  607
 20.Attachments 623
   
 For a more detailed list of sources - see the back of the book.